IthaMaps

Welcome to IthaMaps

IthaMaps is a global epidemiology database of heamoglobinopathies, illustrating published data on a dynamic global to regional map. Country-specific information on haemoglobinopathy-related policies, prevalence, incidence and overall disease burden is given, including relative allele frequencies of specific globin mutations in each country and/or region, dynamically linked to corresponding IthaGenes entries.

IthaMaps content was supported by partnership with the HVP Global Globin 2020 Challenge

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General information for Ghana

Ghana

Continent:	Africa
Capital:	Accra
Population:	24339838
Area (in sq km):	239460.0

Haemoglobinopathy-specific healthcare policy information for Ghana

Healthcare policy		Comment/Info	Reference
Prevention programme:	No	Premarital testing as part of marriage counselling sessions by religious organisations.	[PMID: 30171429]
SCD newborn screening:	Yes (National)	Started in 1993 as a pilot/research programme and scaled to a national programme in 2010 by the Government of Ghana. Heel prick test performed at 40 facilities in Kumasi and Accra plus two rural sites. There is also linkage to reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health (RMNCH) programmes [AFR/RC70/INF.DOC/3; 30July2020].	[PMID: 32415570]
Prenatal screening:	No		[PMID: 30171429]
Haemoglobinopathies patient registry:	No	Part of a multi-country sickle cell disease registry (SickleInAfrica registry).	[PMID: 31649726]
Rare disease patient registry:	No	Planned under the Rare Disease Ghana Initiative
Dedicated treatment centres:	Yes (National)	From: PGPR, Global Sickle Cell Disease Network.
Blood transfusion availability:	Yes (National)	From: PGPR, Global Sickle Cell Disease Network.
MRI facilities:	Yes (National)	From: PGPR, Global Sickle Cell Disease Network.
Patient associations:	Yes (National)	E.g.: The Sickle Cell Foundation of Ghana (SCFG), inaugurated in 2004.	[PMID: 27090687]
Genetic counselling:	Yes (National)	The NBS programme has established a SCD genetic counseling training and certification programme for health workers, called GENECIS-Ghana.	[PMID: 32415570]

Prevalence and incidence of major haemoglobinopathies in Ghana

Haemoglobinopathy		Comment/Info	Reference
Prevalence of β-thalassaemia carriers:	1.5 % of the population	Ranges between 1-11%. From: Bain, Barbara J., Haemoglobinopathy Diagnosis, 2nd edition.
Prevalence of sickle cell disease carriers:	13.3 % of the population		[PMID: 26633548]
Prevalence of Hb C carriers:	10.5 % of the population		[PMID: 20231425]
Incidence of sickle cell disease:	5474 affected births/year	Median value estimated using statistical model and demographic data.	[PMID: 23103089]

Global Burden of Disease data for Ghana

Migration data for Ghana

Mutation frequencies in Ghana

No mutation frequencies are currently available for Ghana

Organisations in Ghana

Organisations in Ghana are currently not available

Microattributions

A/A	Contributor(s)	Date	Comments
1	Elion, Jacques	2017-10-17	Information on SCD newborn screening reviewed.

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Important Note: The relative allele frequencies presented in IthaMaps are not calculated by ITHANET, but they are extracted from the corresponding publications. ITHANET is not responsible for any mistakes in the data. Please use this information with caution! We encourage scientists that have more detailed or updated epidemiological information to contact us.

Disclaimer: The information on this website is provided as an information resource only and must not to be used as a substitute for professional diagnosis and treatment. The ITHANET Portal and IthaMaps are not responsible or liable for any advice, course of treatment, diagnosis or any other information, services or products that an individual obtains through this website.

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Healthcare Policies

Health-policy	Select one Answer	Comment
Prevention programme
SCD newborn screening
Prenatal screening
Antenatal screening
Haemoglobinopathies patient registry
Rare disease patient registry
Dedicated treatment centres
Blood transfusion availability
Iron chelation availability
MRI facilities
Patient associations
Genetic counselling

Status of major Haemoglobinopathies

In Expected Incidence of β-thalassaemia and sickle cell disease please provide the number of expected affected births/year (without prevention).
In Incidence of β-thalassaemia and sickle cell disease please provide the number of affected births/year (after prevention).

Haemoglobinopathy	Provide value		Comment
Prevalence of β-thalassaemia carriers		% of the population
Prevalence of sickle cell disease carriers		% of the population
Prevalence of α-thalassaemia carriers		% of the population
Prevalence of Hb E carriers		% of the population
Prevalence of Hb C carriers		% of the population
Expected incidence of β-thalassaemia		expected affected births/year
Expected incidence of sickle cell disease		expected affected births/year
Expected incidence of α-thalassaemia		expected affected births/year
Incidence of β-thalassaemia		affected births/year
Incidence of sickle cell disease		affected births/year
Incidence of α-thalassaemia		affected births/year
Known β-thalassaemia patients		patients
Known sickle cell disease patients		patients

Mutation Frequencies

Please provide details about publications reporting mutation frequencies in the country of reference (either country-wide studies or region-specific studies).

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